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LeadershipRay Dalio

Values-Abilities-Skills Hiring Order

Select for values and abilities before evaluating current skills

Difficulty
Easy
Time to result
~weeks to results
Steps
6
Confidence
98%

Dalio reverses the order in which many employers evaluate talent. Instead of starting with résumé skills, he begins with values because they shape trust, working relationships, and what a person will pursue. He evaluates abilities next: intelligence, curiosity, discovery, and the capacity to adapt. Current skills come last because they can be learned and may lose relevance as technology changes. The sequence does not make skills irrelevant; it prevents a temporary toolset from obscuring the more durable characteristics that determine whether someone can keep learning and contribute to a shared mission. The method is especially useful in changing fields, where selecting only for today's technical checklist can produce a workforce optimized for work that is already being automated or redefined.

Origin

Dalio introduces the order while explaining why he hired a curious former door-to-door Bible salesman despite the man's limited background in research or finance.

Core principles

  • 01Values determine the quality of the relationship
  • 02Abilities determine capacity to adapt and discover
  • 03Skills are trainable and can become obsolete
  • 04Talent matters more than the money funding it
  • 05Curiosity predicts discovery better than memorized rules

How to run it

  1. 1

    Define required values

    State the behavioral values necessary for trust and productive work in the role.

    Pro tip Use specific behaviors rather than attractive abstract words.

  2. 2

    Gather values evidence

    Ask for examples that reveal how the candidate behaved when values carried a cost.

    Watch out Self-description alone is weak evidence.

  3. 3

    Assess abilities

    Evaluate reasoning, curiosity, learning speed, and capacity to discover what is not already known.

    Pro tip Use unfamiliar problems to observe how the candidate learns.

  4. 4

    Test adaptability

    Examine whether the person can change methods as technology and circumstances change.

    Watch out Past success with one tool may conceal rigid thinking.

  5. 5

    Review skills

    Confirm which current skills are already present and which can realistically be taught.

    Pro tip Separate truly mandatory day-one competence from trainable gaps.

    Watch out Do not ignore regulated or safety-critical skill requirements.

  6. 6

    Make the whole-person decision

    Choose based on the combined evidence, weighted in the order of values, abilities, and skills.

    Watch out Do not let a polished résumé override serious values concerns.

In the wild

Hiring beyond the résumé

A research firm interviews a candidate without conventional finance experience. It first verifies honesty and alignment with the firm's working values, then tests curiosity and ability to reason from unfamiliar data. Only afterward does it map the technical skills that require training.

The firm can identify adaptable talent that a résumé-first screen would reject.

Common mistakes

Starting and ending with the résumé

Current skills reveal little about values or the ability to adapt when the work changes.

Treating likability as values alignment

Shared values require behavioral evidence, not merely rapport.

Ignoring essential credentials

Putting skills last does not remove mandatory day-one or legal competence requirements.

Is it for you?

Best for

Roles where tools and required skills change quickly but values and underlying abilities remain important.

Not ideal for

Safety-critical work where verified current credentials and technical proficiency are immediate legal requirements.

From the transcript

First, values. What are the person's values like? Then what are their abilities?

Ray Dalio

Because if you have abilities, you can change what your skills are.

Ray Dalio

The future is in the discovery.

Ray Dalio

From the episode

Ray Dalio: The principles that made me a billionaire

Ray Dalio